OFCCP Issues FAQs for “Campus-Like Settings”
September 11, 2019
The Department of Labor’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (“OFCCP”) provided guidance on how an “establishment” should be determined in a campus-like setting, such as a higher education institution or an office park.
Understanding what constitutes an “establishment” is the cornerstone of federal contractors’ EEO and affirmative action compliance obligations. Federal contractors, generally, are required to develop Affirmative Action Plans (“AAPs”) for each “establishment.” AAPs are proactive tools that monitor most personnel activity ( e.g. , hiring, promotions, compensation and terminations) to determine areas of potential discrimination and areas in which additional diversity efforts need to be focused. OFCCP conducts compliance evaluations and related enforcement activity based on individual “establishments” by reviewing the AAP and related supporting materials. When multiple buildings in a campus-like setting are combined in a single AAP, contractors risk including a larger number of dissimilar employees into a single AAP. This could reduce the effectiveness of the proactive analyses as well as create additional challenges during OFCCP audits.
Key Takeaways : Federal contractors with campus-like settings, including clustered office buildings and higher education campuses, should evaluate whether their AAP structures comport with the factors included in OFCCP’s guidance to minimize the risk of a challenge to the AAP structure and coverage by OFCCP. In particular, higher education federal contractors need to carefully evaluate whether to use a campus-wide approach for developing an AAP, or whether grouping buildings by departments or other related organizational units or functions is appropriate for AAPs. The development of AAPs is a critical component in a federal contractor’s compliance strategy, and federal contractors should secure legal advice on how their AAPs should be structured based on their specific facts and with appropriate consideration of OFCCP’s new guidance.
Additional Information for Higher Education Federal Contractors : OFCCP, in particular, focuses on assessing compliance by higher education federal contractors which began during the Obama Administration. Many reviews of the higher education contractors still are pending. Why? Because OFCCP and the higher education community cannot agree on a fundamental compliance point – the definition of an “establishment.”
“Establishment” is not defined in OFCCP’s regulations. Case law, OFCCP’s compliance manual, trial testimony of a Regional Director, and the agency’s long-standing practice, however, define an “establishment” as a brick and mortar building. Curiously, OFCCP has repeatedly, but not consistently, taken a different position when it comes to higher education contractors. According to OFCCP practice, typically an “establishment” in the context of a college or university is the entire campus.
Last Spring, OFCCP Director Craig Leen promised to issue technical assistance guidance (TAG) for colleges and universities covering a range of issues, including the scope of a higher education AAP. It appears, OFCCP has abandoned – or at least delayed – its promise of a comprehensive TAG in favor of FAQs for Campus-Like Settings generally. These FAQs apply more broadly than just higher education. The FAQs apply to any contractor with multiple buildings in a campus-type setting.
While the sub-regulatory guidance provided in the FAQs is generally phrased in the permissive – “OFCCP may consider” or “Contractors may determine,” the guidance sets forth several factors contractors “should” consider when determining whether multiple buildings “should” be in a single AAP ( FAQ 4 ). Such factors include:
- What is the function of the building, and how do the employees in the building interact with employees in other buildings?
- Are employees across different buildings part of the same organizational unit, such as department, division, section, branch, group, job family, or project team?
- Are the hiring, compensation, and other personnel decisions handled separately at each building or are those functions consolidated across the entire contractor or across multiple buildings on one campus?
- Does each building handle its own recruitment or is that function consolidated across multiple buildings?
- Do the buildings recruit from the same labor market or recruiting area?
- To what extent are other human resources and Equal Employment Opportunity compliance functions operationally distinct for each building or group of buildings?
- To what extent do certain employees perform work functions across various buildings?
OFCCP does not cite to any authority, legal or otherwise, to support these factors or the definition of an “establishment” as a group of buildings located in the same area. These FAQs are sub-regulatory guidance and, as such, it does not bind the contractor community or OFCCP. The structure and scope of an AAP is a critically important compliance decision. Contractors should certainly consider the various options available for structuring their AAPs – grouping multiple buildings in a single AAP per these FAQs; an AAP per building based on OFCCP’s long standing practice; or a Functional AAP per the regulations ( 41 CFR 60-2.1(d)(4) ). Specifically, in our experience involving higher education institutions, there have been limited instances in which OFCCP has accepted AAPs based on sub-campus groupings by departments or functions. OFCCP, however, generally expects that a single, campus-wide AAP will be prepared for colleges and universities, notwithstanding the lack of specific legal authority compelling such an AAP structure.
Please contact your FortneyScott attorney or email us at info@fortneyscott.com for more information about how the new OFCCP guidance applies to your AAP design and related matters.
We are pleased to announce that FortneyScott attorney David Fortney has been recognized as one of The Best Lawyers in America for 2026, in recognition of outstanding achievement and contributions to the field of Labor and Employment law. This marks a continuation of his recognition in The Best Lawyers in America since 2008, reflecting a sustained commitment to excellence, innovation, and leadership. It underscores the impact of his work within the professional community. We extend our congratulations on this well-deserved recognition.
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), Civil Division is sending Civil Investigative Demands (CIDs) to federal contractors seeking information on their DEI practices, under its authority to investigate False Claims Act (FCA) claims. Flowing from President Trump’s Executive Order 14173, which seeks to limit DEI efforts, the DOJ recently launched the Civil Rights Fraud Initiative, which utilizes the FCA to investigate and pursue claims against recipients of federal funds (including federal contractors) that their DEI practices violate federal civil rights laws. The focus of these investigations will likely be: Discriminatory preferences/goals: DEI programs that assign benefits or burdens based on race, ethnicity, or national origin. Use of proxies to mask discrimination: Practices using criteria like "cultural competence" or "lived experience" as proxies for protected characteristics in hiring or promotion decisions. Segregation in the workplace: Limiting membership in affinity groups or separating employees by protected characteristics during training. Discriminatory training programs: DEI training that promotes stereotypes, excludes individuals based on protected characteristics, or creates a hostile environment. Failure to protect against antisemitism: Institutions accepting federal funds that do not adequately address antisemitism or other civil rights violations. Organizations found to be in violation of the FCA can face significant penalties, including treble damages (three times the amount of damages incurred by the government), civil penalties for each false claim, and reputational harm. As a result, all federal contractors and grant recipients should be on high alert for any communication from DOJ and should immediately notify internal counsel if any such communication is received. Please contact your FortneyScott attorney or email us at info@fortneyscott.com for additional information on how to be prepared and to respond to these DOJ investigations and other best practices recommendations.
As the Trump Administration reshapes the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), employers and federal contractors face significant shifts in agency leadership, budget priorities, enforcement programs, and regulatory strategies. Join FortneyScott attorneys for an in-depth webinar covering what these changes may mean for your organization. Key Topics to be Covered Include: New Leadership: Review of confirmed and pending DOL appointees, including Secretary Chavez-DeRemer and Deputy Secretary Keith Sonderling. Compliance & Self-Audit Programs: Expansion of opinion letter guidance and voluntary audit initiatives across W&H, VETS, OSHA, EBSA, MSHA, and OLMS. Aggressive Deregulatory Agenda: Efforts to revoke EO 11246 regulations, registered apprenticeship affirmative action requirements, and legacy EBSA guidance. Regulatory Revisions & Enforcement: Reforms to Section 503, VEVRAA, tip-credit rules, and child labor standards — including new penalty frameworks. Status of Biden-Era Rules: Updates on independent contractor, overtime, minimum wage, and PLA-related regulations. Proposed FY2026 Budget: 35% overall reduction, including workforce downsizing and potential elimination of OFCCP, Job Corp, and the Women’s Bureau. Strategic Considerations: How the return of the PAID program and potential OFCCP self-audit options may affect employer risk exposure.
As the Trump Administration reshapes the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), employers and federal contractors face significant shifts in agency leadership, budget priorities, enforcement programs, and regulatory strategies. Join FortneyScott attorneys on Thursday, August 14th at noon EDT for an in-depth webinar covering what these changes may mean for your organization. CLICK HERE to register. Key Topics to be Covered Include: New Leadership: Review of confirmed and pending DOL appointees, including Secretary Chavez-DeRemer and Deputy Secretary Keith Sonderling. Compliance & Self-Audit Programs: Expansion of opinion letter guidance and voluntary audit initiatives across W&H, VETS, OSHA, EBSA, MSHA, and OLMS. Aggressive Deregulatory Agenda: Efforts to revoke EO 11246 regulations, registered apprenticeship affirmative action requirements, and legacy EBSA guidance. Regulatory Revisions & Enforcement: Reforms to Section 503, VEVRAA, tip-credit rules, and child labor standards — including new penalty frameworks. Status of Biden-Era Rules: Updates on independent contractor, overtime, minimum wage, and PLA-related regulations. Proposed FY2026 Budget: 35% overall reduction, including workforce downsizing and potential elimination of OFCCP, Job Corp, and the Women’s Bureau. Strategic Considerations: How the return of the PAID program and potential OFCCP self-audit options may affect employer risk exposure. Who Should Attend: Compliance professionals, in-house counsel, HR and inclusion leaders, and anyone with responsibility for compliance with labor and employment laws.
On July 30, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in a panel decision affirmed the District Court’s Order in Center for Investigative Reporting v. DOL compelling the DOL to disclose federal contractors’ EEO-1 reports in response to a Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”) request. The underlying FOIA request was sent to the DOL’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (“OFCCP”) in 2022 seeking consolidated EEO-1 reports for all federal contractors filed between 2016 and 2020. DOL disclosed the EEO-1 report of non-objecting contractors but withheld from disclosure 16,755 EEO reports from 4,141 objection contractors. In its Opinion, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the District Order’s finding that EEO-1 reports are not exempt from disclosure under FOIA Exemption 4, which protects trade secrets and confidential commercial or financial information. Specifically, the Ninth Circuit found that EEO-1 report data is not “commercial” because workforce-compensation data is not designed to be bought and sold, nor does it reveal basic commercial operations, such as sales statistics, profits and losses, or inventories. The Court held that DOL failed to establish that EEO-1 reports describe an exchange of goods or services or the making of a profit. While the Ninth Circuit Order is limited to compelling the release of 2016-2020 reports in response to CIR’s FOIA request, DOL also relied on Exemption 4 to withhold the production of federal contractors’ 2021 consolidated EEO-1 reports in response to FOIA requests issued by the University of Utah and As You Sow. DOL has not issued a comment, and it is not known at this time whether the DOL will appeal this determination. FortneyScott will continue to monitor this and related cases.
On July 23, 2025, the Trump Administration issued America’s AI Action Plan that provides policy recommendations to achieve the goal of global AI dominance by the United States. Of particular interest to employers, the Action Plan includes recommendations to empower American workers in the age of AI, for training a skilled workforce for AI infrastructure and jobs, and for developing new criteria to address misinformation, including specifically identifying DEI. Join FortneyScott for a discussion on the employment-law related key provisions of America’s AI Action Plan and how they may impact the workforce.
We are pleased to announce that FortneyScott attorney David Fortney has been recognized as one of The Best Lawyers in America for 2026, in recognition of outstanding achievement and contributions to the field of Labor and Employment law. This marks a continuation of his recognition in The Best Lawyers in America since 2008, reflecting a sustained commitment to excellence, innovation, and leadership. It underscores the impact of his work within the professional community. We extend our congratulations on this well-deserved recognition.
The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), Civil Division is sending Civil Investigative Demands (CIDs) to federal contractors seeking information on their DEI practices, under its authority to investigate False Claims Act (FCA) claims. Flowing from President Trump’s Executive Order 14173, which seeks to limit DEI efforts, the DOJ recently launched the Civil Rights Fraud Initiative, which utilizes the FCA to investigate and pursue claims against recipients of federal funds (including federal contractors) that their DEI practices violate federal civil rights laws. The focus of these investigations will likely be: Discriminatory preferences/goals: DEI programs that assign benefits or burdens based on race, ethnicity, or national origin. Use of proxies to mask discrimination: Practices using criteria like "cultural competence" or "lived experience" as proxies for protected characteristics in hiring or promotion decisions. Segregation in the workplace: Limiting membership in affinity groups or separating employees by protected characteristics during training. Discriminatory training programs: DEI training that promotes stereotypes, excludes individuals based on protected characteristics, or creates a hostile environment. Failure to protect against antisemitism: Institutions accepting federal funds that do not adequately address antisemitism or other civil rights violations. Organizations found to be in violation of the FCA can face significant penalties, including treble damages (three times the amount of damages incurred by the government), civil penalties for each false claim, and reputational harm. As a result, all federal contractors and grant recipients should be on high alert for any communication from DOJ and should immediately notify internal counsel if any such communication is received. Please contact your FortneyScott attorney or email us at info@fortneyscott.com for additional information on how to be prepared and to respond to these DOJ investigations and other best practices recommendations.
As the Trump Administration reshapes the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), employers and federal contractors face significant shifts in agency leadership, budget priorities, enforcement programs, and regulatory strategies. Join FortneyScott attorneys for an in-depth webinar covering what these changes may mean for your organization. Key Topics to be Covered Include: New Leadership: Review of confirmed and pending DOL appointees, including Secretary Chavez-DeRemer and Deputy Secretary Keith Sonderling. Compliance & Self-Audit Programs: Expansion of opinion letter guidance and voluntary audit initiatives across W&H, VETS, OSHA, EBSA, MSHA, and OLMS. Aggressive Deregulatory Agenda: Efforts to revoke EO 11246 regulations, registered apprenticeship affirmative action requirements, and legacy EBSA guidance. Regulatory Revisions & Enforcement: Reforms to Section 503, VEVRAA, tip-credit rules, and child labor standards — including new penalty frameworks. Status of Biden-Era Rules: Updates on independent contractor, overtime, minimum wage, and PLA-related regulations. Proposed FY2026 Budget: 35% overall reduction, including workforce downsizing and potential elimination of OFCCP, Job Corp, and the Women’s Bureau. Strategic Considerations: How the return of the PAID program and potential OFCCP self-audit options may affect employer risk exposure.
As the Trump Administration reshapes the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), employers and federal contractors face significant shifts in agency leadership, budget priorities, enforcement programs, and regulatory strategies. Join FortneyScott attorneys on Thursday, August 14th at noon EDT for an in-depth webinar covering what these changes may mean for your organization. CLICK HERE to register. Key Topics to be Covered Include: New Leadership: Review of confirmed and pending DOL appointees, including Secretary Chavez-DeRemer and Deputy Secretary Keith Sonderling. Compliance & Self-Audit Programs: Expansion of opinion letter guidance and voluntary audit initiatives across W&H, VETS, OSHA, EBSA, MSHA, and OLMS. Aggressive Deregulatory Agenda: Efforts to revoke EO 11246 regulations, registered apprenticeship affirmative action requirements, and legacy EBSA guidance. Regulatory Revisions & Enforcement: Reforms to Section 503, VEVRAA, tip-credit rules, and child labor standards — including new penalty frameworks. Status of Biden-Era Rules: Updates on independent contractor, overtime, minimum wage, and PLA-related regulations. Proposed FY2026 Budget: 35% overall reduction, including workforce downsizing and potential elimination of OFCCP, Job Corp, and the Women’s Bureau. Strategic Considerations: How the return of the PAID program and potential OFCCP self-audit options may affect employer risk exposure. Who Should Attend: Compliance professionals, in-house counsel, HR and inclusion leaders, and anyone with responsibility for compliance with labor and employment laws.
On July 30, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in a panel decision affirmed the District Court’s Order in Center for Investigative Reporting v. DOL compelling the DOL to disclose federal contractors’ EEO-1 reports in response to a Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”) request. The underlying FOIA request was sent to the DOL’s Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (“OFCCP”) in 2022 seeking consolidated EEO-1 reports for all federal contractors filed between 2016 and 2020. DOL disclosed the EEO-1 report of non-objecting contractors but withheld from disclosure 16,755 EEO reports from 4,141 objection contractors. In its Opinion, the Ninth Circuit affirmed the District Order’s finding that EEO-1 reports are not exempt from disclosure under FOIA Exemption 4, which protects trade secrets and confidential commercial or financial information. Specifically, the Ninth Circuit found that EEO-1 report data is not “commercial” because workforce-compensation data is not designed to be bought and sold, nor does it reveal basic commercial operations, such as sales statistics, profits and losses, or inventories. The Court held that DOL failed to establish that EEO-1 reports describe an exchange of goods or services or the making of a profit. While the Ninth Circuit Order is limited to compelling the release of 2016-2020 reports in response to CIR’s FOIA request, DOL also relied on Exemption 4 to withhold the production of federal contractors’ 2021 consolidated EEO-1 reports in response to FOIA requests issued by the University of Utah and As You Sow. DOL has not issued a comment, and it is not known at this time whether the DOL will appeal this determination. FortneyScott will continue to monitor this and related cases.
On July 23, 2025, the Trump Administration issued America’s AI Action Plan that provides policy recommendations to achieve the goal of global AI dominance by the United States. Of particular interest to employers, the Action Plan includes recommendations to empower American workers in the age of AI, for training a skilled workforce for AI infrastructure and jobs, and for developing new criteria to address misinformation, including specifically identifying DEI. Join FortneyScott for a discussion on the employment-law related key provisions of America’s AI Action Plan and how they may impact the workforce.
On July 23, 2025, the Trump Administration issued America’s AI Action Plan that provides policy recommendations to achieve the goal of global AI dominance by the United States. Of particular interest to employers, the Action Plan includes recommendations to empower American workers in the age of AI, for training a skilled workforce for AI infrastructure and jobs, and for developing new criteria to address misinformation, including specifically identifying DEI. Join FortneyScott lawyers on Thursday, July 31, 2025, at 12:00 PM ET for a discussion of the employment-law related key provisions of America’s AI Action Plan and how they may impact the workforce. Please click here to register.
The U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) today announced several programs designed to help employers, as well as unions and pension plans, voluntarily assess and improve their compliance with federal labor laws. “Self-audits are one of the most effective ways to build a culture of compliance and trust,” said Deputy Secretary of Labor Keith Sonderling. “These programs are designed to give employers … the tools they need to correct potential violations proactively.” Of particular interest for employer compliance, the self-audit programs include: minimum wage and overtime under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and benefits under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) (Payroll Audit Independent Determination (PAID)) ; protected veterans’ rights under the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) (SALUTE - Support and Assistance for Leaders in USERRA Training and Employment) ; and, safety and health programs (Voluntary Protection Programs) . For employers dealing with Wage & Hour issues, the Payroll Audit Independent Determination (PAID) established in the prior Trump Administration for resolution of FLSA and FMLA compliance matters has been reinstituted. By using the PAID program, the audit results that are approved by DOL can provide significant protection against collective and class overtime claims for employers. FortneyScott has extensive experience in advising clients on self-audits that are overseen by DOL. Please contact your FortneyScott attorney for more information about these new compliance opportunities.
The Trump Administration announced an ambitious Artificial Intelligence Action Plan that provides policy recommendations to achieve the goal of global AI dominance by the United States. Of particular interest to employers, the Action Plan includes recommendations to empower American workers in the age of AI, for training a skilled workforce for AI infrastructure, jobs, and developing new criteria to address misinformation, including specifically identifying DEI. Overview of the Action Plan . As anticipated by Executive Order 14179 , Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence , the White House issued Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan (the “Action Plan”) on July 23, 2025. The Action Plan sets forth the Administration’s policy recommendations based on the following three pillars: (1) acceleration of AI innovation; (2) building American AI infrastructure, and (3) leading in international AI diplomacy and security. Further, the Action Plan contemplates initiatives led by various federal agencies, including the Department of Labor (“DOL”), to promote the advancement and adoption of AI throughout all facets of American life. Key initiatives of the Action Plan include significant deregulatory efforts aimed at promoting AI development: Consistent with Executive Order 14192 , Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation , the Office of Management and Budget (“OMB”) will work with all federal agencies to review, rescind, and/or amend regulatory and sub-regulatory hinderances to AI development and deployment; OMB will also work with federal agencies to limit discretionary AI-related federal funding to states with AI regulatory requirements that the administration considers onerous; and The National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”) will revise its “AI Risk Management Framework” to eliminate references to misinformation, DEI, and climate change. The Key Workforce Provisions. The Action Plan tasks the DOL with leading, either on its own or in conjunction with other agencies, to empower American workers in the age of AI, including: Workforce funding streams should flow towards training, apprenticeships, and other skill-based initiatives that prioritize AI skill development; The Bureau of Labor Statistics should study AI’s impact on the labor market to incorporate the findings into DOL’s forthcoming “AI Workforce Research Hub”; and Exposure programs, pre-apprenticeships, training programs, and Registered Apprenticeships should be created and/or expanded for occupations related to the building, operation, and maintenance of AI infrastructure. The Action Plan also includes specific recommendations to DOL for training a skilled workforce for AI infrastructure work. DOL will: identify high-priority occupations; partner with state and local government to support the creation of industry-driven training programs; expand early career exposure and pre-apprenticeship programs; and, expand the use of Registered Apprenticeship in occupations that are critical to AI infrastructure. Employers Next Steps. As federal agencies accelerate and focus on AI adoption, private sector organizations need to assess how their workforce strategies align with emerging national priorities. Employers need to identify opportunities to ensure their workforces are trained and proficient with AI-related skills and technology. Companies may also want to explore paths to participate in or benefit from federal programs and funding aimed at supporting AI innovation, infrastructure, and international leadership. Additionally employers need to be cognizant of a likely tension between the federal deregulatory approach and a growing number of state law and regulatory requirements addressing the use of AI in the workplace. FortneyScott invites clients and friends for a complimentary webinar discussing these developments on July 31, 2025, at 12:00 PM ET. Please click here to register. If you have any questions, please reach out to your FortneyScott attorney.
On Friday, June 27, 2025, OFCCP Director Catherine Eschbach issued a letter inviting federal contractors to voluntarily submit information to OFCCP detailing contractors’ efforts to “wind down compliance with the EO 11246 regulatory scheme and ensure full compliance with the Nation’s non-discrimination laws.” Join David Fortney, Liz Bradley and Nita Beecher as they analyze Director Eschbach’s letter and provide practical insights to assist federal contractors in deciding whether or how to respond to this request.
